OBD(On-board diagnostics) Scanner
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| OBD Scanner |
On-board diagnostics (OBD) is an automotive term referring to a vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability. OBD systems give the vehicle owner or repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle subsystems. The amount of diagnostic information available via OBD has varied widely since its introduction in the early 1980s versions of on-board vehicle computers. Early versions of OBD would simply illuminate a malfunction indicator light or "idiot light" if a problem was detected but would not provide any information as to the nature of the problem.
OBD-I Scanner
The vehicles were manufactured in 1996 use 1st generation On-board diagnostic (OBD) systems that are collectively referred to as OBD-I. The first OBD-I systems showed up in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and every manufacturer developed their own interface technology.
That means that while these systems are grouped together into the general category of OBD-I, they share very little in common.
Every manufacturer had its own, proprietary OBD-I plugs and jacks, and many OBD-I scanners were designed to work with vehicles from only a single make or even model.
OBD-II Scanner
OBD-II is an improvement over OBD-I in both capability and standardization. The OBD-II standard specifies the type of diagnostic connector and its pinout, the electrical signalling protocols available, and the messaging format. It also provides a candidate list of vehicle parameters to monitor along with how to encode the data for each.
There is a pin in the connector that provides power for the scan tool from the vehicle battery, which eliminates the need to connect a scan tool to a power source separately. However, some technicians might still connect the scan tool to an auxiliary power source to protect data in the unusual event that a vehicle experiences a loss of electrical power due to a malfunction. Finally, the OBD-II standard provides list of standardized DTCs.
There is a pin in the connector that provides power for the scan tool from the vehicle battery, which eliminates the need to connect a scan tool to a power source separately. However, some technicians might still connect the scan tool to an auxiliary power source to protect data in the unusual event that a vehicle experiences a loss of electrical power due to a malfunction. Finally, the OBD-II standard provides list of standardized DTCs.
Types of OBD-II Scanners
There are two basic categories of OBD-II scanners that you'll come across in the wild.
1. Code readers
OBD-II code readers are typically inexpensive, no-frills devices that can read and clear codes from any vehicle that is equipped with OBD-II. These devices have a few inherent limitations in that they typically lack any information on manufacturer-specific codes and offer limited (or no) access to other data.
2. Scan Tools
OBD-II scan tools are more expensive, and they can offer a variety of different features. Scan tools may provide more access to or information about manufacturer-specific codes, provide extensive, customizable access to live and recorded data and offer advanced troubleshooting information.
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