A governor, or speed limiter, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine. A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as the Watt or fly-ball governor, which uses weights mounted on spring-loaded arms to determine how fast a shaft is spinning, and then uses proportional control to regulate the shaft speed.
History
 |
| Gibbs Governor |
The Gibbs Governor
Centrifugal governors were used to regulate the distance and pressure between millstones in windmills since the 17th century. Early steam engines employed a purely reciprocating motion, and were used for pumping water – an application that could tolerate variations in the working speed. It was not until the Scottish engineer James Watt introduced the rotative steam engine, for driving factory machinery, that a constant operating speed became necessary. Between the years 1775 and 1800, Watt, in partnership with industrialist Matthew Boulton, produced some 500 rotative beam engines. At the heart of these engines was Watt’s self-designed "conical pendulum" governor: a set of revolving steel balls attached to a vertical spindle by link arms, where the controlling force consists of the weight of the balls.
Building on Watt’s design was American engineer Willard Gibbs who in 1872 theoretically analyzed Watt’s conical pendulum governor from a mathematical energy balance perspective. During his Graduate school years at Yale University, Gibbs observed that the operation of the device in practice was beset with the disadvantages of sluggishness and a tendency to overcorrect for the changes in speed it was supposed to control.
 |
| Flywheel |
A flywheel is a mechanical device with a significant moment of inertia used as a storage device for rotational energy. Flywheels resist changes in their rotational speed, which helps steady the rotation of the shaft. Flywheels can be used to produce very high power pulses for experiments, where drawing the power from the public network. Recently, flywheels have become the subject of extensive research as power storage devices for uses in vehicles and power plants. The principle of the flywheel is found in the Neolithic spindle and the potter's wheel. The Andalusian agronomist Ibn Bassal (fl. 1038-1075), in his Kitab al-Filaha, describes the flywheel effect employed in a water wheel machine, the saqiya. The flywheel as a general mechanical device for equalizing the speed of rotation is, according to the American medievalist Lynn White, recorded in the De diversibus artibus (On various arts) of the German artisan Theophilus Presbyter (ca. 1070-1125) who records applying the device in several of his machines. In the Industrial Revolution, James Watt contributed to the development of the flywheel in the steam engine, and his contemporary James Pickard used a flywheel combined with a crank to transform reciprocating into rotary motion.
keywords: illinois asbestos attorney, alabama lawyer mesothelioma, mesothelioma attorney, asbestos lawyer, mesothelioma lawyers, asbestos attorney, mesothelioma lawyer, asbestos cancer attorney, texas asbestos lawyer, illinois mesothelioma lawyer, mesothelioma attorneys, mesothelioma litigation, mesothelioma attorney texas, mesothelioma attorney houston, illinois mesothelioma attorney, texas mesothelioma attorney, new york mesothelioma lawyers, minnesota mesothelioma lawyer, atlanta asbestos attorneys, new york mesothelioma attorneys, pennsylvania mesothelioma lawyers, phoenix dui attorney, dui attorney phoenix, arizona dui attorneys, dui lawyer arizona, phoenix dui lawyers, dui attorney arizona, phoenix arizona dui lawyer, arizona dui attorney, arizona dwi attorney, phoenix dui lawyer, arizona dui lawyer, dui lawyer phoenix, arizona dui lawyers, dui lawyer scottsdale, scottsdale dui attorney, dui attorneys arizona, tempe dui lawyer, az dui attorney, dui attorney scottsdale, automobile, mechanical engineering, autocad training,auto insurance, car insurance, car insurance quote, insurance quotes, low cost insurance, cheap insurance, cheap car insurance, cheap auto insurance, car cheapest insurance, car insurance quotes, automobile insurance, auto insurance quote, cheap car insurance quote, discount auto insurance, car insurance online, insurance rates, car insurance online quote, cheapest car insurance, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet
keywords: illinois asbestos attorney, alabama lawyer mesothelioma, mesothelioma attorney, asbestos lawyer, mesothelioma lawyers, asbestos attorney, mesothelioma lawyer, asbestos cancer attorney, texas asbestos lawyer, illinois mesothelioma lawyer, mesothelioma attorneys, mesothelioma litigation, mesothelioma attorney texas, mesothelioma attorney houston, illinois mesothelioma attorney, texas mesothelioma attorney, new york mesothelioma lawyers, minnesota mesothelioma lawyer, atlanta asbestos attorneys, new york mesothelioma attorneys, pennsylvania mesothelioma lawyers, phoenix dui attorney, dui attorney phoenix, arizona dui attorneys, dui lawyer arizona, phoenix dui lawyers, dui attorney arizona, phoenix arizona dui lawyer, arizona dui attorney, arizona dwi attorney, phoenix dui lawyer, arizona dui lawyer, dui lawyer phoenix, arizona dui lawyers, dui lawyer scottsdale, scottsdale dui attorney, dui attorneys arizona, tempe dui lawyer, az dui attorney, dui attorney scottsdale, automobile, mechanical engineering, autocad training,auto insurance, car insurance, car insurance quote, insurance quotes, low cost insurance, cheap insurance, cheap car insurance, cheap auto insurance, car cheapest insurance, car insurance quotes, automobile insurance, auto insurance quote, cheap car insurance quote, discount auto insurance, car insurance online, insurance rates, car insurance online quote, cheapest car insurance, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet, ebay, free, hotels, hotel, travel, free travel, free hotels, free cars, free home, free insurance, free place, cheap travel, free internet
